Gives up – віддає
Wireless waves – радіохвилі
Depends entirely upon their length – повністю залежить від довжини
After far shorter than the shortest of these – набагато коротші, ніж найкоротші із них
To sum up – підсумовувати
Are familiar to most people – відомі більшості людей
Bone growth – ріст кістки
after whom – за ім’ям якого
Ether waves – ефірні хвилі
Radio waves – радіохвилі
The velocity of light – швидкість світла
Ultra-violet – ультрафіолет
Magnetic components – магнітні компоненти
The cosmic-rays – космічні промені
Electromagnetic waves – електромагнітні хвилі
Metallic welding – металеве зварювання
Application to medicine – застосування в медицині
II. Read and translate the text.
Radio-waves, light, X-rays and some cosmic rays – they all belong to the same family. They travel at the velocity of light.
The wave has both electric and magnetic components which are bound together. At the end of its travel the wave gives up energy. The ether waves are those we know as wireless waves.
When the waves are too long they are seen as infrared, when they are too short they are “seen” as ultra-violet. Shorter than the ultra-violet are X-rays and far shorter than the shortest of these are the “gamma” rays, and finally the cosmic rays.
The penetrative power of these increases as the wavelength decreases.
To sum up: all these electromagnetic waves travel through the enter at the same enormous speed; the different effect which they produce depends entirely upon their length.
Some more words about ultra-violet and X-rays.
Ultra-violet rays familiar to most people as the particular art of sunlight that is “heath-giving”.
The effect of the ultra-violet rays is to produce in the skin the vitamin that is important for the promotion of bone-growth.
The use of these rays in diagnosis is a powerful weapon of medicine.
One of the most valuable uses of ultra-violet rays in industry is the testing of the quality of certain goods.
X-raying is very important in metallic welding.
X –rays were discovered by Roentgen after whom the rays are sometimes called. The discovery of X-rays was quickly followed by its application to medicine.
III. Answer the following questions.
1. What components have the waves?2. When does the wave give energy?
3. What are the ether waves?
4. The penetrative power of these increases as the wavelength decreases, doesn’t it?
5. Which rays are “heath-giving”?
6. What produce the effect of ultra-violet?
7. Is the use of rays in diagnosis a powerful weapon of medicine?
8. Where X-raying is very important?
9. Who discovered x-rays?
IV. Translate the following word-combinations from English into Ukrainian.
Radio-waves, X-rays, velocity of light, magnetic components, discovery, application to medicine, metallic welding, ultra-violet rays, the vitamin, a powerful weapon of medicine, wireless waves, the cosmic rays, the “gamma” rays, electromagnetic waves, enormous speed, wireless waves, length, sunlight, in the skin.V. Fill in the missing words.
1. When the waves are too long they are seen as ____________ .2. The effect of the ultra-violet rays is to produce in the skin ______________ .
3. Shorter than the ultra-violet are _____________ .
4. X –rays were discovered by ________________ .
5. The discovery of X-rays was quickly followed by _______________.